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Author: Admin | 2025-04-28
Fentanyl, ketamine, midazolam / benzodiazepine, propofol Antiarrhythmics amiodarone, beta blockers Antibiotics ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, linezolid, quinolones, tetracylines Antidiabetic drugs biguanide drugs (metformin), thiazolidinedione (glitazones) Antiepileptic drugs barbiturates, carbamazepine, gabapentin, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, perampanel, phenytoin, rufinamide, stiripentol, topiramate Antipsychotic / neuroleptic drugs / antidepressants amitriptyline, amoxapine, chlorpromazine, clozapine, fluoxetine, fluphenazine, haloperidol, quetiapine, risperidone Antiretroviral drugs eg zidovudine, abacavir Bisphosphonates eg pamidronate, alendronate Cannabidiol Chemotherapeutics eg carboplatin, doxorubicin, ifosfamide Ethanol Fibrate drugs clofibrate, ciprofibrate Immunotherapeutics interferons NSAIDs eg diclofenac, indomethacin, naproxen Statins eg cerivastatin, simvastatin Steroids eg hydrocortisone, dexamethason, prednisone PRINT TABLE 1 Table 2. Points of attention regarding drug prescription in patients with a mitochondrial disease Specific drug / disease causing gene Points of attention Valproic acid (sodium valproate) Should be used only in exceptional circumstances. Should absolutely not be given to patients with mutations in a gene called POLG or to patients with symptoms suspicious for POLG disease. Should not be used in patients with liver disease. Aminoglycosides (antibiotics) In case of specific mitochondrial DNA mutations (12S rRNA) these antibiotics may cause hearing loss. In emergency situations aminoglycosides could be used while the benefits of the drugs are more important then. If long-term treatment is necessary one should screen for these mutations and / or switch to another antibiotic regime. Valproic acid (sodium valproate) Should be used only in exceptional circumstances. Should absolutely not be given to patients with mutations in a gene called POLG or to patients with symptoms suspicious for POLG disease. Should not be used in patients with liver disease. Aminoglycosides (antibiotics) In case of specific mitochondrial DNA mutations (12S rRNA) these antibiotics may cause hearing loss. In emergency situations aminoglycosides could be used while the benefits of the drugs are more important then. If long-term treatment is necessary one should screen for these mutations and / or switch
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